Deep well drill bit



1931- c. E. REED 1,835,522

DEEP WELL DRILL BIT Filed Sept. 9. 1927 s Sheets-Sheet 1 I Jhbleni'or:

Dec. 8, 1931. c. E. REED DEEP WELL DRILL BIT 5 Shets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept.9, 1927 Dec. 8, 1931. REED 1,835,522

DEEP WELL DRILL BIT Filed Sept. 9, 192'? 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Invenion'latenteei ec. 193?.

masses PATENT OFFICE UNITED STATES CLARENCE E. REED, OF WIGHITA, KANSAS,A SSIGNOR TO CHICAGO PNEUMATIC TOOL COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, 11'. Y., ACORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY DEEP WELLDRILL BIT Application filed September9, 1927. Serial No. 218,504.

The invention relates to a roller coring bit for deep well drilling andit consists in the features and combination and arrangement of partshereinafter described and particularly pointed out in the claims.

In the accompanying drawings Figure l is a vertical sectional view of abit head, with the roller cutters omitted.

Fig. 2 is a bottom 'plan view.

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional view of part of the head with the rollercutters in place.

Fig. 4 is a detached view of one of the spindles with its shank.

Fig. 5 shows views of the locking piece.

of the head.

Fig. 6a shows an exterior spindle.

Fig. 7 shows views of abushing.

Fig. 8 shows views of a locking piece.

Fig. 9 is a plan view and Fig. 10 is a sectional View of core liftingmeans.

Figs. 11 and 12 are detail views relating to the core lifting means.

In these drawings the head 1 is in one piece. The opening for receivingthe core is shown at 2. Surrounding this opening are'the cutters. Whiledifferent organizations of cutters may be employed, I desirably employfive cutters in the particular form of bit now being described. Three ofthese are frusto-conical cutters and two. are cylindrical cutters. Asshown in Fig. 2 two of the frus'to-conical cutters are to be mounted inrecesses 3 in close proximity to each other on one side of the bit headand the third frusto-conical cutter is to be mounted in'a recess 3awidely and equally spaced apart from the members of the pair of closelyset cutters. These recesses are of substantially the-same form. Thisthird cutter in other words has its axis in a vertical plane passingthrough the vertical center of the drill head and midway between thepair of conical cutters first mentioned. This 'arrangement affords amplespace within which to locate a pair of cylindrical cutter units, thesebeing located at substantially opposite sides of the drill head onoutwardly and downwardly extending spindles 4. As shown a in the bottomplan View Fig. 2 the axes of these spindles are at an angle to eachother,

Fig. 6 is an end view of one of the spindles and said axes areconvergent towards the vertical axis of the drill head. The sides ofthe'drill head at 5 are inclined relative to each other andsubstantially straight, and these are in convergent relation to eachother from that side of the head at which the pair of frusto conicalcutters are located.

In other words the head viewed in bottom plan as in Fig. 2 presents aformation wider at'the right hand end than at the left, and these endsare connected by convergent straight sides frpm which the spindles 4roject outwardly and downwardly and at rlght angles to the planes ofsaid sides. This formation provides spaces between the straight sides 5of the bit head and the wall of the hole for the upflow of the flushingfluid.

The recesses in which the frusto-conical cutters are mounted areseparated fromthe core receiving passage 2 by vertical walls such as 36in Fig. 1. This recess is also defined by an inclined wall portion 6extending upwardly and outwardly and forming a continuation of the outerside of the wall 36. At the top of the wall portion 6 there is a shorthorizontal ceiling 6a which joins an upwardly and inwardly inclinedceiling? defining the outer side of said recess 3 or 3a, said ceillng 7having a seat recess 7a therein presenting a 8 of cylindrical form withits axis parallel v with the vertical axis of the drill, said socketbeing reduced at 8a and connecting with a recess 9 formed in the side ofthe bit head to 'receive means for holding the shank of the rollercutter unit in place in the socket 8 as will be described.

The socket 8 also has communicating therewith a channel or recess 10extending from the side face of the bit head and communicating with theseatrecess 7a. The frusto roller cutter unit comprises a spindle 11 ofexternal stepped formation as at 11, 11a, adapted to receive afrusto-conical roller cutter 12 having an internal bore adapted to fitthis stepped formation of the spindle.

The spindle is in one piece with a base portion 13 in the nature of aflange or plate adapted to fit in the seat recess 7 n and with its upperedge a ainst the thrust sustaining shoulder 71) so tat the stresses aredistributed into the head through this base or flange member which onits outer side fits against the ceilin of the seat recess.

From t is base the shank 14 of the rolling cutter unit extends upwardlat an angle to the axial line of the spin 1e and its base which it willbe observed extends at right angles to the inclined wall 7 of the recess3 or 3a. This shank fits inthe socket 8 and is formed in one piece withthe base and its spindle. At the back of the base there is a hump 15,which fits in the recess or channel 10 and sustains certain strains towhich the unit is subjected. As thus far described the .roller cutterunit is similar in certain aspects to those described in Letters Patentissued to me July 19, 1927, and the means for securing the shank of theunit in place may be similar to those shown in said patents or to thatshown in the patent to F. K. Blauvelt No. 1,636,669 of the same date.

In the present form the roller cutter is held on the spindle by lockingpiece 16 which is generally of ta er form varying from-a uniform shapein t at its edge 16a: is slightly off to one side of its axis. Thismember has a shank 17 to fit a recess 18 in the inner end of the spindleof the roller cutter unit.

When this locking piece is seated with its shank in the spindle itsshoulder 19 will bear against the outer face of the frusto conicalcutter so as to hold it on the spindle. The long inclined face of thelook, when the unit is in place in the head, will find a bearing againstthe outer face of the wall 36, and

thus the roller cutter will be held on the spindle by this lockingmember which is merely slipped into place in the spindle and bears onthe wall 3b.

This member and the frusto-conical memher are assembled with the spindleso that all these parts can be handled as one bod by slipping the unitup into the bit head in a direction arallel with the vertical axisthereof, an despite the restricted space forming the recess 3 or 3w, itbeing noted that the size and relation of the parts is such that theface of the locking piece may slide along the outer face ofthe wall 3?),and in contact therewith. The lower face of the locking piece as viewedin Fig. 3 is inclined upwardly and inwardly from a point above the loweredge of the frusto-conical cutter to the horizontal plane of the loweredge of the wall 3b.' This lower face of the locking piece moves overthe path cut by the cylindrical cutter units 20, each of which iscomposed of a pair of cylindrical cutters on each of the downwardly andoutwardly inclined spindles 4. These spindles are integral with thehead. Each is provided intermediate of its length with flanges 4aextending in a circumferential direction in respect thereto and spaced mor fastening through the hole 22 and notclies 220:, the bushin will beheld. from turning and'as this bus ing has a flange 23 at its outer edgethe roller cutters 20 will be held in proper relation to the head to dothe cutting. This bushing and mounting are similar to that disclosed inLetters Patent of the United States granted to me July 19, 1927, SerialNo. 1,636,663. a

The bushing or retaining sleeve is slabbed off at 24.2: in-the verticalplane of the outermost corner or edge of the cylindrical roller cutterso that this face will be within the clearance cut by the outermostelement of the cutters.

The core lifting means may assume various forms. As one form I show inFigs. 9, 10, 11 and 12 a body consisting of a downwardly tapered springsteel ring 25, split at 26 at an angle of 45 so that under pressure ofthe entering 'core the lifter will move upwardly within the,conical bore27 of the head and will expand. To the spring steel ring are fixed bywelding or riveting segmental toothed slips 28, spaced: apart. Betweenthe spring steel ring or body and the slips are mounted wings 29 each ofwhich is made of two strips of spring steel welded together. The wingsare are shape and their free ends form substantially resilient fingerswhich contact with the core and steady the core lifter as the coreenters and this contact serves to assist in making the toothed grips orslips engage the core as the bit head is lifted, so that the latter willlift the core out of the bore hole.

The recesses 3 in which the closely spaced frusto-conical cutters arelocated communicate with each other so that flushing fluid can have freeaccess to the cutters.

Any .suitable ports may be employed for directing the flushing fluid.

It will be observed that the recesses in which the frusto-conicalrollers are located wall. The locking block 16 constitutes a simple andefiective means for locking the roller cutter to its spindle, but I donot limit myself in this particular. It is of importance, however, thatthe roller cutter be assembled with the spindle or bearing memberoutside of the head so as to be handled as one body therewith in placingit in the head or removing it therefrom.

I claim:,

1. A coring bit for deep well drilling apparatus comprising a one piecehead having a core receiving opening, a recess disposed to one side ofthe core opening and separated therefrom by a wall portion of said head,said recess having an upwardly and inwardly inclined outer wall, andconnecting with a socket in the head, and a roller cutter unitcomprising a spindle to extend substantially at right angles to saidinclined wall and having a shank extending upwardly into said socket atan angle to the axis of the spindle and substantially parallel with thevertical axis of the drill head, said spindle having a roller cuttermounted thereon to be handled therewith as one body in inserting orremoving the roller cutter unit, said separating wall portion andinclined outer wall forming a pocket in which the roller cutter ishoused and said separating wall portion providing a support for theroller cutter unit, substantially as described.

2. In combination in a deep well drilling bit, a head having a recess inits lower end,a roller cutter unit composed of a spindle and a shankwith a roller cutter on the spindle, means to hold the said unit to thehead with its shank in a socket of the head, and means for retaining theroller cutter on the spindle consisting of a member removably held bythe spindle and bearing on the wall of the recess, substantially asdescribed.

3. A deep well drilling bit according to claim 2 in which the retainingmember for the roller cutter has a shank seated in a socket in the endof the spindle.

4. A deep well drilling bit according to claim 2 in which the retainingmember for the roller cutter is of taper form, bearing on the wall ofthe recess of the head, substantially as described.

5. A deep well drill bit according to claim 1 in which the wall portionbetween the core opening and the recess has a vertical surface definingthe inner boundary of said recess, a member detachably connected withthe spindle holds the roller cutter thereon and bears on the saidvertical surface, substantially as described.

6. A deep Well drilling bit according to claim 2 in which the member forholding the cutter on the spindle consists of a member having its axissubstantially coinciding with the axis of the spindle which inclinesdownwardly and inwardly from the outer upwardtion of the bit head towhich the unit is to be re movably attached, said member, together withthe roller cutter, being assembled with the spindle and its shank to behandled therewith as one body in placing the unit in or removing it fromthe bit head, substantially as described.

8. A-unit according to claim 7 in which the holding member has a facesubstantially parallel with the axis of the shank of the unit, andadapted to bear on a wall of the bit head.

9. A unit according to claim 7 in which the holding member has a shankto fit a recess in the end of the spindle, substantially as described.

10. A roller cutter unit according to claim 7 in which the shank isadapted to be seated in the bit head substantially parallel with thevertical axis thereof and the axis of the spindle inclines downwardlyand inwardly in respect to the axis of the shank, substantially asdescribed.

11.- A bit for deep well drilling comprising a head with a recess in itslower end defined by an inner wall extending substantially parallel withthe vertical axis of the head, and an outer wall inclining upwardly andinwardly towards said vertical axis, said bit head having a socketconnecting with said recess and extending substantially parallel withthe vertical axis of the drill head and a roller cutter unit composed ofa spindle to extend at right angles inwardly and downwardly from theinclined wall of the recess, an integral shank portion to extend up intothe said socket, and a roller cutter on the spindle, means for holdingthe said unit movably to the head, said unit being movable in placing orremoval in a direction substantially parallel with the inner wall of therecess, and a member detachably connected with the spindle and bearingon the vertical wall of the recess to hold the roller cutter on thespindle.

12. A roller cutter unit according to claim 7 in which there is a baseflange at the junction of the spindle and shank extending in a plane atright angles to the axis of the spindle, and said detachable member-hasa flat substantially vertical face which is convergent upwardly with theplane in which the base flange lies.

13. In combination in a rotary bit for deep well drilling, a head havinga recess ofl' center, defined by an upwardly and inwardly inclined wallon its outer slde and by an upwardly extending wall on its inner side,said bit head having a substantially vertical socket communicating withsaid recess, a roller cutter unit comprising a spindle and a shank at anangle to each other, said shank being adapted to fit into said verticalsocket, and said spindle being adapted to extend inward- 1ysubstantially at right angles to the outer inclined wall of the recess,a roller cutter mounted'on said spindle, and a locking piece detachablyconnected with the inner end of the spindle and engaging the rollercutter to hold it on the spindle, said locking piece being held inconnection with the spindle by bearing on the inner wall of the recess,substantially as described.

- 14. In combination in a roller cutter assembly for earth boring drillsa spindle having an end face extending in a plane at right angles to thespindle axis and with a socket in said end face, said spindle having ashank extending at an angle to the spindle axis to extend into a socketof the drill head parallel with the vertical axis thereof, and a memberto engage the roller cutter having a shank to enter said spindle socketand a surface surrounding said shank to bear on the end face of thespindle and extend beyond the same to engage a roller cutter, and havingalso a flat outer face extending in a plane substantially parallel withthe axis of the spindle shank to bear on a surface of the drill head tohold said member in engagement'with the spindle.

15. A bit head for an earth boring core I drill having an axiallydisposed core opening and a recess disposed laterally in respect theretowith a wall between said opening and said recess, the outer side of saidwall being fiat and parallel with the drill axis, the outer wall of saidrecess inclining downwardly and outwardly, the head having a socketextending upwardly from the inclined wall and parallel with the verticalaxis of the head.

In testimony whereof, I afiix my signature.

CLARENCE E. REED.

